The plant list includes a further 3 scientific plant names of infraspecific rank for the genus striga. Inflorescence an erect, terminal spike 1015 cm long. Fruit the flowers give way to swollen seed pods that contain thousands of microscopic seeds per pod. Click below on a thumbnail map or name for species profiles. Taking into account the peculiar nature of striga seeds, farmers are advised to control it before the weed emerges. Genetic variation in sorghum bicolor strigolactones and.
Text is available under the creative commons attributionsharealike license. This publication contains papers presented at a workshop on the. Pdf primary haustorial development of striga asiatica on. Appearance striga asiatica is a parasitic plant that can infest agricultural crops and has been found in north and south carolina. Severity of the parasitic weed in this area is aggravated by the inherent low soil fertility, recurrent drought and natural resources degradation. Striga asiatica, the asiatic witchweed or the red witchweed, is a hemiparasitic plant in the family orobanchaceae. Asiatic witchweed is a serious agricultural pest, as it parasitises important crop species, including corn, rice, sorghum, and. Hosted by the usgs core science analytics and synthesis. They belong to the orobanchaceae family ex scrophulariaceae and are obligate root hemiparasitic plants olmstead et al. Asiatic witchweed is a serious agricultural pest, as it parasitises important crop species, including corn, rice, sorghum, and sugar cane. Away from cultivated farmland, wild sorghum accessions grow as weedy plants and have shown remarkable immunity to striga.
Jul 28, 2015 nweze agatha chidiebere1, nweze justus amuche2 and nweze julius eyiuche2 1department of plant science and biotechnology 2department of microbiology faculty of biological sciences, university of nigeria, nsukka how to cite. Striga asiatica is an annual parasitic weed of agricultural crops. Striga asiatica is the most widespread in the world. West african plants a photo guide striga asiatica l. In 34 instances, striga has acquired large dna fragments, often tens of kilobases in length and containing multiple genes, from the very distantly related grasses it parasitizes. An understanding of striga parasite biology, which could lead to agricultural solutions, has been hampered by the lack of genome information. Both attack sorghums, millet and maize, becoming the most devastating in the semiarid tropics. The plant list includes 79 scientific plant names of species rank for the genus striga. Abstract the parasitic weed, striga asiatica, is a major biotic constraint and a serious threat to subsistence cereal crop productions especially in subsahara africa. Striga asiatica is amongst the worlds worst weeds nail et al. Primary haustorial development of striga asiatica on host and nonhost species. Novel sources of witchweed striga resistance from wild. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2003, 51 5, 11621168.
The record derives from tropicos data supplied on 20120418 which reports it as an accepted name record 29200215 with original publication details. Striga asiatica is a parasitic plant that can infest agricultural crops and has been found in north and south carolina. In this study we analysed the striga germination stimulants, strigolactones, in the root exudates of 36 sorghum genotypes and assessed striga. Papua new guinea papua new guinea eastern new guinea island papua new guinea eastern new guinea island.
Striga asiatica is a major pest problem in agriculture, especially in semiarid marginal areas, parasitizing cereal crops and doing most damage to crops. Kuntze, known as witch weeds, are one of the most troublesome and damaging weeds in the world parker, 2009. Foliage leaves of striga asiatica are linear and around 1 in. The origin pro 9 64bit statistical software package was used for principal component analysis pca. Page designed through the cooperative efforts of interagency itis teams. Some species are serious pathogens of cereal crops, with the greatest effects being in savanna agriculture in africa. This introduction, likely a result of human activity, resulted in an infestation of corn across many counties in north and south carolina. Linnaeus first described this species as buchnera asiatica based on material from the comoros islands near madagascar. Parasitic plants in the genus striga, commonly known as witchweeds, cause major crop losses in subsaharan africa and pose a threat to agriculture worldwide. Striga species exhibit variation in their mode of reproduction. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of striga asiatica with 34,577. Leaves of striga asiatica are linear and around 1 in. Isolation of strigol, a germination stimulant for striga.
These are primarily included because names of species rank are. Striga asiatica asiatic witchweed striga densiflora denseflower witchweed striga gesnerioides cowpea witchweed. Leaves opposite or the upper subopposite, sessile, lanceolate or the upper linearlanceolate, 341 14 in. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license.
Sorghum is an important food, feed, and industrial crop worldwide. Analysis of strigolactones, germination stimulants for striga and orobanche, by highperformance liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry. The united states department of agriculture and state agencies imposed a. Striga hermonthica is common around lake victoria basin while s. Pronunciation of striga with 1 audio pronunciation and more for striga. It has a gigantic impact on human welfare by affecting subsistence farmers and consequently aggravates hunger and poverty. Since the 1950s, it is also known from the united states. Striga asiatica in the germplasm resources information network grin, u.
State regulated list this map identifies those states that list this species on their regulated list. The plant is a halfparasite, and one of the worst weeds to have in your rice, sorghum or maize field. Loureiro separated striga from buchnera in 1790 and applied the name s. However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes. Striga, commonly known as witchweed, is a genus of parasitic plants that occur naturally in parts of africa, asia, and australia. Primary haustorial development of striga asiatica on host and nonhost species article pdf available in phytopathology 881. Striga e um genero botanico pertencente a familia orobanchaceae sinonimia especies. Nov 24, 2019 new hosts of striga angustifolia scrophulariaceae. Kuntze is an accepted name this name is the accepted name of a species in the genus striga family orobanchaceae. Plants profile for striga asiatica asiatic witchweed. Kuntze palau palau belau main island group koror oreor island introduced invasive fosberg, f. Striga alba striga angolensis striga angustifolia striga aequinoctialis striga asiatica striga aspera striga barteri striga baumannii striga bilabiata striga brachycalyx striga brouilletii striga burteri striga campuleia striga canescens striga chloroleuca striga chrysantha.
Striga most often attack grasses such as corn, rice and sorghum, causing stunting or total loss of the host crop. Colleters on the cotyledons of in vitro raised seedlings of witchweed striga asiatica l. Striga asiatica seeds compared to maize and sorghum. Sorghum is a major food staple in subsaharan africa ssa, but its production is constrained by the parasitic plant striga that attaches to the roots of many cereals crops and causes severe stunting and loss of yield. It is native to asia and subsaharan africa, but has been introduced into other parts of the world including australia and the united states. Striga asiatica is an obligate parasite, drawing moisture, nutrients and photosynthetic products from its graminoid host plants mostly c3 plants figure 1 below. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of striga asiatica with 34,577 predicted proteincoding. Abstract initial interactions of striga asiatica with a susceptible host and nonhost plants were examined by histological methods. The species of concern called asiatic witchweed or red witchweed s. Department of agriculture agricultural research service. Species of striga are native to tropical parts of africa and asia. Parker, from striga identification and control handbook info. Striga asiatica is a major pest problem in agriculture, especially in semiarid marginal areas, parasitizing cereal crops and doing most damage to crops like sorghum, maize and millet 299 title.
Leaves green, sessile, linear, 1040 14 mm, scabridhairy. Primary haustorial development of striga asiatica on host. Many other names were subsequently applied to different. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Striga asiatica, studied the use of catch crops including the trap cropping, and pioneered the selection of resistant varieties in sorghum. While every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and uptodate information available, ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in. The most affected crops include maize, sorghum, rice and sugarcane.
We do not intend the plant list to be complete for names of infraspecific rank. While striga asiatica and allectra vogelli attack mostly legumes olakojo and olaoye, 2004. These areas are also known to be the origin of sorghum and pearl millet which are readily infected by the witchweed ejeta, 2007. Asiatic witchweed witchweed this plant and the related entity italicized and indented above can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below. This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above.
Primary haustorial development of striga asiatica on host and. This last activity identified several resistant varieties, including radar saunders 1942. The plants database includes the following 4 species of striga. Genome sequence of striga asiatica provides insight into. Striga asiatica is an obligate parasite it cannot develop independently from a suitable host.
We sought to determine the extent of the resistance to. Parasitic weeds of the genus striga constitute a major constraint to sorghum production, particularly in the drier parts of the world. Witchweed is one of over 30 weed species of the genus striga and the plant family orobanchaceae csurhes et al. Striga asiatica has a very wide geographic distribution, from africa through southern and eastern asia to australia. This page was last edited on 9 december 2019, at 16. Larsen affected crops corn, millets, rice, sorghum, and sugarcane are the hosts for the first 4 striga species, while s. Itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties. Striga alba striga angolensis striga angustifolia striga aequinoctialis striga asiatica striga aspera striga barteri striga baumannii striga bilabiata striga brachycalyx striga brouilletii striga burteri striga campuleia striga canescens striga chloroleuca striga. Growing and flowering on rice in kyela, tanzania photograph by. The relationship between various strigolactones and the number of emerged striga seedlings, striga biomass, and in vitro striga germination was analysed by correlation analysis and stepwise regressions using the ibm spss statistics 20 package. Flowers striga asiatica flowers are small, less than 0. To improve the chances of such attachment the seeds generally germinate only after stimulation by a substance exuded from the roots.
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